What medicine should you take for hypertension and diabetes?
Hypertension and diabetes are two common chronic diseases that many patients deal with at the same time. Choosing the right medication is crucial to controlling the condition. The following are the topics and hot content related to hypertension and diabetes medication that have been hotly discussed on the Internet recently for your reference.
1. Classification of commonly used drugs for hypertension and diabetes
| disease type | drug class | Representative medicine | Things to note |
|---|---|---|---|
| high blood pressure | ACE inhibitors | Captopril, enalapril | May cause dry cough |
| ARB drugs | Losartan, Valsartan | Use with caution in patients with renal insufficiency | |
| calcium channel blockers | Amlodipine, nifedipine | May cause edema of lower limbs | |
| diabetes | Biguanides | Metformin | Gastrointestinal reactions are common |
| SGLT-2 inhibitors | Dapagliflozin, Empagliflozin | May increase risk of urinary tract infection | |
| GLP-1 receptor agonists | Liraglutide, semaglutide | Need subcutaneous injection |
2. Principles of combined medication for hypertension and diabetes
1.Prioritize drugs that are beneficial for both diseases: For example, ACE inhibitors/ARB drugs can not only lower blood pressure, but also delay the progression of diabetic nephropathy.
2.Be aware of drug interactions: Certain antihypertensive drugs may affect blood sugar levels, such as diuretics, which may increase blood sugar.
3.individualized treatment: Adjust the medication plan according to the patient’s age, complications, renal function, etc.
| Combination type | Recommended combination | Advantages |
|---|---|---|
| Hypertension + diabetes | ARB+metformin | Protect kidney function and control blood sugar |
| Hypertension + diabetes + kidney disease | ACEI+SGLT-2 inhibitor | Delay the progression of kidney disease |
| Hypertension + diabetes + heart failure | ARNI+GLP-1 receptor agonist | Improve heart function |
3. Recent hot topics
1.Cardiovascular protective effects of new antidiabetic drugs: Recent studies have shown that SGLT-2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists can not only lower blood sugar, but also significantly reduce the risk of cardiovascular events.
2.Personalized treatment trends: Selecting the most suitable antihypertensive and hypoglycemic regimen for patients based on genetic testing results has become a hot topic.
3.Traditional Chinese Medicine Assisted Treatment: Research on the use of traditional Chinese medicine ingredients such as berberine and astragalus in assisting blood sugar control has attracted attention.
4. Medication precautions
| Things to note | Specific content |
|---|---|
| Monitoring frequency | Blood pressure is measured daily and blood sugar is monitored regularly according to doctor’s orders |
| Medication time | Most antihypertensive drugs need to be taken in the morning, and some antihyperglycemic drugs need to be taken before meals. |
| adverse reactions | Pay attention to possible adverse reactions such as hypoglycemia, dizziness, and edema. |
| lifestyle | Medication needs to be combined with a low-salt, low-sugar diet and moderate exercise |
5. Latest suggestions from experts
1.2023 American Diabetes Association Guidelines: SGLT-2 inhibitors or GLP-1 receptor agonists are recommended as the first choice for diabetic patients with cardiovascular disease or chronic kidney disease.
2.Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Hypertension in China: It is recommended that the blood pressure control target of diabetic patients should be individualized, generally controlled below 130/80mmHg.
3.New concept of combined medication: Fixed compound preparations can improve medication compliance and are the current treatment trend.
Summary
Medical treatment of hypertension and diabetes requires comprehensive consideration of many factors. Patients should choose a drug regimen that suits them under the guidance of a doctor, and follow up regularly to evaluate efficacy and safety. At the same time, a healthy lifestyle is always the basis for controlling these two chronic diseases.
Please note: The content of this article is for reference only. Please follow your doctor’s advice for specific medication. Drug information may change as research progresses, please refer to the latest medical guidelines.
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